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S

scope resolution operator (::), 9, 125, 259, 345

scopes, 161–166

hiding global variables, 169 nested, 165–166, 185

Scoping program, 161–163

separate, 163–164

Score Rater program, 41–42

version 2.0, 46–47

version 3.0, 49–50

seeding random number generator, 70–71, 79, 134

self-documenting code, 21 semicolon (;)

if statement, 43

terminating statements, 9

separate scopes, 163–164

sequential container, 138, 147 set STL container, 139 shallow copy, 310

short int type, 19tbl

short modifier, 18

signed modifier, 18 Simple Boss 2.0 program,

338–339

Simple Boss program, 333–335 Simple Critter program, 256–257 64-element array, 103

size()member function, 92, 120

skYesNo2() function, 158

slicing, OOP, 381

software reuse, 161

sort() algorithm, 135

source code, 2

srand() function, 71, 78

stack, 147, 296, 325

stack STL container, 139 standard I/O, 5

displaying text, 8–9

std namespace, 10–13 Game Over 2.0 program,

10–11

Game Over 3.0 program, 11–12

using declarations, 12–13

using directive, 11, 13

standard library, 5, 35 Standard Template Library.

See STL

Static Critter program, 270–271

static data members, 282 accessing, 272–273 constant member function

and, 269

declaring, 272

initializing, 272

Static Critter program, 270–271

static keyword

declaring static data members, 272

declaring static member function, 273

static member functions, 282

calling, 273–274

declaring, 273

defining, 273

std namespace, 10–13

algorithms and, 133

defined, 36

Game Over 2.0 program, 10–11

Game Over 3.0 program, 11–12

using declarations, 12–13

using directive, 11, 13

stepwise refinement defined, 146 when to use, 148

STL (Standard Template Library), 115–149

algorithms, 131–135

find(), 134

High Scores program, 131–133

preparing to use, 133

random_shuffle(), 134–135

sort(), 135

containers, 138–139

Hangman game, 141–145

ending, 145 entering main loop,

143–144

getting player's guess, 144–145

initializing variables and constants, 143

planning, 141–142

setting up, 142

iterators, 123–131 accessing member

functions of vector element, 129–130 changing value of vector element, 128–129

declaring, 125–126

erase()vector member function, 130–131

Hero's Inventory 3.0

program, 123–125

insert()vector member function, 130

looping through vector, 126–128

overview, 115–116

planning programs, 139–141

pseudocode, 139–140 stepwise refinement,

140–141

vectors, 116–122, 136–138 calling member functions of

element, 121–122

clear()member function, 122

STL (Standard Template Library) (continued )

declaring, 119–120 element insertion and

deletion, 138

empty()member function, 122

growth, 136–137

Hero's Inventory 2.0

program, 117–119

indexing, 121

pop_back()member function, 122

preparing to use, 119

push_back() member function, 120

size()member function, 120

strategy games, 216

streams, 34, 182

string argument, 175

string literal, 8

string m_Name member, BlackJack GenericPlayer class, 359

string objects, 33, 38, 89–96, 135

array, 96–97

concatenating, 92

creating, 91

defined, 110

empty()member function, 96

erase()member function, 95

find() member function, 94–95

indexing, 93

iterating through, 93–94

size()member function, 92 String Tester program, 89–91

String Tester program, 89–91

Index 409‌

strings

C-style strings, 101–102

overview, 8

Stroustrup, Bjarne, 1

structure, defined, 284 subclass. See derived classes

subscripting operator ([ ]), 93, 99,

121, 147

subtraction ( ) operator, 14

suit m_Suit member, BlackJack

Card class, 359

superclass, 335. See also base class Swap Pointer Version program,

234–236

Swap program, 191–193

switch statements, 39, 51–54, 77 creating ways to branch, 54 defining variables inside, 166 Menu Chooser program, 52–53

syntactic sugar, 130, 250

syntax errors, 4

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